A paradigm in the making: evidential and mirative raising verbs in the history of English
doi: https://doi.org/10.31810/rsel.53.1.7
Keywords:
raising verbs; evidentiality, mirativity; paradigmatization; analogization; competition; substitutionAbstract
The present paper zooms in on two specific case studies –the obsolescence of chance and the emergence of turn out– to address, on the one hand, the growing paradigmatization of English evidential and mirative raising verbs, and, on the other, to explore the cognitive processes involved in the emergence and obsolescence of members of this incipient category. Thus, the diachronic data reveal that this set of verbs has developed common constructional patterns and features that allow them to be considered an emerging paradigm. In fact, the obsolescence and emergence of the analyzed verbs point toward a complex evolution in which different constructions are intricately intertwined: as new evidential and mirative verbs have emerged, preexisting members of this category have undergone significant changes to accommodate the newcomers. Thus, the incorporation of turn out in the 18th century as a new member of the class had important repercussions in the system that would result in the disappearance of chance. The study of this network of expressions from a constructional perspective allows us to trace its complex history from a broad perspective, as well as to shed light on processes such as analogization, constructionalization, and paradigmatization.
The article is based on data from various synchronous and diachronic English corpora, including COCA, EEBOCorp, and CLMET, among others.
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References
CLMET = De Smet, Hendrik, Hans Jurgen Dillerand & Jukka Tyrkkö (2013). The Corpus of Late Modern English Texts, version 3.0. https://perswww.kuleuven.be/~u0044428/
COCA = Davies, Mark (2008-). The Corpus of Contemporary American English. http://corpus.byu.edu/coca/
COHA = Davies, Mark (2010-). The Corpus of Historical American English.
EEBOCorp = Petré, Peter (2013). Early English Books Online Corpus 1.0. Available at: https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/416330
MED = McSparran et al. (Eds.). (2000-2018). Middle English Dictionary (Online edition). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Library. http://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/middle-english-dictionary/
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