Un paradigma en potencia: los verbos de ascenso evidenciales y admirativos en la historia del inglés
doi: https://doi.org/10.31810/rsel.53.1.7
Palabras clave:
verbos de ascenso; evidencialidad; admiratividad; paradigmatización; analogización, competición, sustituciónResumen
A partir de dos estudios de caso concretos –la obsolescencia de chance y el surgimiento de turn out– el presente estudio aborda, por un lado, la creciente paradigmatización de los verbos de ascenso evidenciales y admirativos del inglés y, por otro, explora los distintos procesos cognitivos involucrados en el surgimiento y obsolescencia de los miembros de esta categoría incipiente. Así, los datos diacrónicos revelan que este conjunto de verbos ha desarrollado características y patrones construccionales comunes que permiten considerarlos un paradigma emergente. De hecho, la obsolescencia y surgimiento de los verbos analizados apuntan a una compleja evolución en la que las diferentes construcciones están sofisticadamente imbricadas: a medida que han surgido nuevos verbos evidenciales y admirativos, los miembros preexistentes de esta categoría han sufrido importantes modificaciones para dar cabida a los recién llegados. Así, la incorporación de turn out en el siglo xviii como nuevo miembro a la clase tuvo importantes repercusiones en el sistema que resultaría en la desaparición de chance. El estudio de esta red de expresiones desde un punto de vista construccional nos permite rastrear su compleja historia desde una perspectiva amplia, además de arrojar luz sobre procesos como la analogización, la construccionalización y la paradigmatización. El artículo se basa en datos de diversos corpus de inglés, sincrónicos y diacrónicos, incluyendo COCA, EEBOCorp o CLMET, entre otros.
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Citas
CLMET = De Smet, Hendrik, Hans Jurgen Dillerand & Jukka Tyrkkö (2013). The Corpus of Late Modern English Texts, version 3.0. https://perswww.kuleuven.be/~u0044428/
COCA = Davies, Mark (2008-). The Corpus of Contemporary American English. http://corpus.byu.edu/coca/
COHA = Davies, Mark (2010-). The Corpus of Historical American English.
EEBOCorp = Petré, Peter (2013). Early English Books Online Corpus 1.0. Available at: https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/416330
MED = McSparran et al. (Eds.). (2000-2018). Middle English Dictionary (Online edition). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Library. http://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/middle-english-dictionary/
NOW = Davies, Mark (2013). Corpus of News on the Web: 3 + billion words from 20 countries, updated every day. http://corpus.byu.edu/now/
OED = (2000-). Oxford English Dictionary Online (3rd ed., in progress). http://www.oed.com.
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