La sociofonética del habla con pluma
https://doi.org/10.31810/rsel.52.2.11
Palabras clave:
Gay speech; sociophonetics; cross-linguistic studyResumen
Esta revisión recoge 69 estudios sociofonéticos sobre el habla con pluma masculina para poner en perspectiva qué parámetros acústicos caracterizan tanto a los hablantes homosexuales como a aquellos que, independientemente de su orientación sexual, son percibidos como hablantes con pluma. La muestra de estudios seleccionada recoge un total de 13 lenguas, algunas con un gran número de variedades dialectales, como es el caso del inglés o del español. En muchas de estas lenguas se han hallado diferencias significativas en la producción o percepción del habla gay para la frecuencia fundamental, para F1 y F2 de algunas vocales, y para las características espectrales y la duración de algunas fricativas sibilantes. No obstante, la disparidad de resultados no permite identificar un conjunto claro de parámetros asociados al habla con pluma. Los rasgos que caracterizan el habla con pluma en una determinada comunidad de habla pueden no coincidir con los de otra, puesto que la forma en que se construye socialmente la identidad gay varía en cada lugar. Finalmente, se propone analizar el habla con pluma desde una perspectiva multimodal en variedades concretas de diferentes lenguas, entre ellas el español, para minimizar la disparidad de resultados y reflejar más fielmente las interacciones comunicativas cotidianas.
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